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In its first attempt, China orbited, landed, and roved on Mars, and now it hopes to bring back soil samples and rocks from the Red Planet.
Nasa and the European Space Agency (ESA) could conduct the sample return mission as early as 2031, almost two years sooner than Nasa does it alone.
Chinese designer Sun Zezhou gave a presentation at a Nanjing University seminar that hinted Beijing is planning a two-launch mission that could leave in 2028 and return in 2031 with some pristine samples from the alien world.
In comparison to the Nasa-ESA joint mission, the multi-launch mission could have a simpler structure with a single landing on Mars and no rovers sampling different locations, Spacenews reported.
A lander and an ascent vehicle will be part of Tianwen-3. An orbiter and return module will be part of the mission.
Launches of Long March 3B and Long March 5 will take place separately. These missions will be inspired by two successful Chinese missions.
Rather than being developed on the basis of the 2020 Chang'e-5 lunar sample return mission, the Mars entry, descent, and landing will be based on the Tianwen-1 mission. Mars will be landed a year after the launch in 2028
Reports state that the vehicle will have two stages and will have to be launched at 4.5 km/s with either solid or liquid propulsion.
At Mars, it will dock with the orbiter already in orbit. Afterwards, the spacecraft is scheduled to depart from Mars late in October 2030.
According to Sun, as part of the sample return mission, the Tianwen-1 orbiter will conduct a test of its aerobraking capabilities around Mars later this year.
The Tianwen-1 probe, named after an ancient Chinese poem, was launched by the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province in July 2020.
A series of trajectory maneuvers by the spacecraft allowed it to enter orbit around Mars on February 10, 2021.
A Chinese rover named Zhurong crossed into Martian soil while Tianwen-1 was orbiting, becoming the sixth rover on the planet after five from Nasa.
Utopia Planitia is an impact crater where the Chinese rover is currently working - it was chosen for its flat surface and the relative safety of landing there.
A sample-return mission to the asteroid Kamo'oalewa is planned for 2024, after China has successfully explored Mars.
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