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Solar cells made of moon dust could enable Artemis astronauts to go to space

Science

Solar cells made of moon dust could enable Artemis astronauts to go to space


By TechThop Team

Posted on: 21 Aug, 2022

Moon missions will be sent to several space agencies and commercial partners within the next decade. Instead of the 'footprints and flags' missions of the Apollo Era, these missions aim to create a 'sustained program of lunar exploration.

'In other words, we are returning to the moon with the intent of staying there, so infrastructure needs to be built. Spacecraft, landers, habitats, landing pads, transport systems, food, water, and power systems are all part of this. For these reasons, space agencies continue to leverage local resources as much as possible.

An article published by TalTech in January 2022, co-authored by Marit Kauk-Kuusik, the head of TalTech's photovoltaic materials lab, explained the material's benefits

The TalTech team has been developing monogram layer solar cell technology for terrestrial applications for the last few decades. Using single-crystalline powder as the light absorbing layer,

The device contains abundant and low-cost elements that are abundant and inexpensive. This technology will lead to innovation in the field of building-integrated solar power.'

Their method for creating the pyrite was the liquid salt synthesis method, where iron and sulfur were combined in a potassium iodide solution and heated for a week at 740 °C (1364 °F).

It was then slowly reduced to 575 °C (1067 °F) and rapidly cooled to room temperature, resulting in pyrite monogram powder suitable for making pyrite MGs. Space agencies are already planning to send 3-D printers and technology to the Moon to create MGLs from these tiny crystals.

The European Space Agency is planning to build a lunar habitat known as the Moon Village as a member of its organization. As the spiritual successor to the International Space Station, this proposed base would house astronaut crews rotating from all over the world and conduct research for months on end.

When the ESA looked into MGL solar cell technology six years ago, they became interested in TalTech's photovoltaic research. In the beginning, their collaboration focused on evaluating the technology's suitability for space applications.

After proving that the technology could function in the extreme cold and vacuum of the Moon, they have moved on to developing MGL solar cells that can power a future lunar outpost and how they can be manufactured from lunar regolith, as well as how to manufacture them. This latest study proves that it is possible, which will have drastic implications for future lunar missions. 

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