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The NASA says we need to look deeper for signs of life on Mars
Science

The NASA says we need to look deeper for signs of life on Mars

The search for life on Mars has not gone as well as hoped. Life's building blocks have been found on the Red Planet, but more evidence is needed.

NASA has searched for this evidence with its Curiosity and Perseverance rovers. However, a new report suggests that we may need to look deeper below the surface in our search for life on Mars.

For decades, we have been researching the Martian planet. NASA's current spacecraft and rovers have learned a great deal, but there's still a lot to learn about Mars' surface.

NASA believes this may be happening because exposure to ionized radiation is destroying amino acids. The current Martian rovers only dig around two inches into the surface.

The amino acids would deteriorate within 20 million years at that level, according to NASA. Therefore, rather than going for surface-level tests, we may have to dig deeper to find signs of life on Mars.

NASA says we may need to dig up to 6.6 feet (or two meters) deep on Mars to find signs of amino acids. Neither Perseverance nor Curiosity are currently equipped to make such deep dives. NASA will therefore focus on areas that have been exposed for shorter periods of time.

NASA isn't just pulling these data from thin air. In an experiment, NASA tested whether amino acids could withstand radiation.

They did this by mixing several types of amino acids with silica, hydrated silica, and a mixture of silica and perchlorate. Our goal was to simulate the conditions of the soil on Mars, which we search for signs of life on Mars.

As a next step, they sealed the samples under vacuum to simulate Mars' thin air. The samples were mixed with room temperature samples. Still others were cooled to -67 degrees Fahrenheit.

NASA then bombarded the samples with gamma radiation to simulate the effects of cosmic rays hitting Mars over the course of about 80 million years.

There is a high likelihood that radiation from space will kill off any amino acids near the surface of the planet. In turn, this makes it more difficult for us to find signs of life on Mars. As a result of this new information, NASA can devise new ways of searching for amino acids.

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